プロセスを調べるコマンドです。
ps ax
ps aux
これはプロセスを調べるときによく使いますが
ps fax
fをつけるとプロセスの親子関係が分かります
@deep:/var/log$ ps fax
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd]
3 ? S 0:06 \_ [ksoftirqd/0]
6 ? S 0:01 \_ [migration/0]
7 ? S 0:01 \_ [watchdog/0]
8 ? S 0:02 \_ [migration/1]
10 ? S 0:06 \_ [ksoftirqd/1]
12 ? S 0:01 \_ [watchdog/1]
13 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cpuset]
14 ? S< 0:00 \_ [khelper]
15 ? S 0:00 \_ [kdevtmpfs]
16 ? S< 0:00 \_ [netns]
17 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/u:1]
18 ? S 0:01 \_ [sync_supers]
19 ? S 0:00 \_ [bdi-default]
20 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kintegrityd]
21 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd]
22 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata_sff]
23 ? S 0:00 \_ [khubd]
24 ? S< 0:00 \_ [md]
25 ? S 0:00 \_ [khungtaskd]
26 ? S 0:00 \_ [kswapd0]
27 ? SN 0:00 \_ [ksmd]
28 ? SN 0:00 \_ [khugepaged]
29 ? S 0:00 \_ [fsnotify_mark]
30 ? S 0:00 \_ [ecryptfs-kthrea]
31 ? S< 0:00 \_ [crypto]
39 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kthrotld]
40 ? S 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_0]
41 ? S 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_1]
42 ? S 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_2]
43 ? S 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_3]
44 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/u:2]
67 ? S< 0:00 \_ [devfreq_wq]
231 ? S 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_4]
236 ? S 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_5]
245 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kdmflush]
258 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kdmflush]
267 ? S 0:11 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
268 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ext4-dio-unwrit]
386 ? S 0:00 \_ [jbd2/sdb1-8]
387 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ext4-dio-unwrit]
394 ? S 0:00 \_ [jbd2/sdc1-8]
395 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ext4-dio-unwrit]
660 ? S< 0:00 \_ [krfcommd]
801 ? S< 0:00 \_ [hd-audio0]
813 ? S< 0:00 \_ [hd-audio1]
815 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cfg80211]
969 ? S< 0:00 \_ [hci0]
974 ? S< 0:00 \_ [led_workqueue]
1408 ? S 0:00 \_ [flush-8:16]
1410 ? S 0:14 \_ [flush-252:0]
2228 ? S 0:00 \_ [firegl]
2232 ? S 0:00 \_ [firegl]
2235 ? S 0:00 \_ [firegl]
23134 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:3]
25957 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:2]
26649 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:1]
27445 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:0]
27475 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:0]
28188 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:1]
28872 ? S 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:2]
1 ? Ss 0:02 /sbin/init
515 ? S 0:00 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon
529 ? Ss 0:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon
756 ? S 0:00 \_ /sbin/udevd --daemon
21688 ? S 0:00 \_ /sbin/udevd --daemon
602 ? Ss 0:11 dbus-daemon --system --fork --activation=upstart
626 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/bluetoothd
646 ? S 0:00 avahi-daemon: running [deepserver.local]
647 ? S 0:00 \_ avahi-daemon: chroot helper
672 ? Ss 0:01 /usr/sbin/cupsd -F
2998 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/lib/cups/notifier/dbus dbus://
1014 ? Ss 0:00 smbd -F
1042 ? S 0:00 \_ smbd -F
1056 ? S 0:00 upstart-socket-bridge --daemon
1057 ? Ss 0:15 /usr/sbin/munin-node
1502 ? Ss 0:00 dhclient3 -e IF_METRIC=100 -pf /var/run/dhclient.eth0
1549 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D
1593 ? Ss 0:02 nmbd -D
1621 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/vsftpd
1622 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager
1639 ? Ssl 0:01 NetworkManager
1659 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd --no-debug
1716 tty4 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty4
1722 tty5 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty5
1738 tty2 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty2
1739 tty3 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty3
1741 ? S 0:00 supervising syslog-ng
1742 ? Ss 0:13 \_ /usr/sbin/syslog-ng -p /var/run/syslog-ng.pid
3114 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/sh -c /var/www/kanri/phone/tel_mail_in.s
3127 ? S 0:00 | \_ /bin/sh /var/www/kanri/phone/tel_mail_in.
3115 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/sh -c /var/www/kanri/phone/tel_mail_out.
3125 ? S 0:00 | \_ /bin/sh /var/www/kanri/phone/tel_mail_out
3116 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/sh -c /var/www/kanri/apcupsd/apc_kenti.s
3119 ? S 0:00 | \_ /bin/sh /var/www/kanri/apcupsd/apc_kenti.
3117 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/sh -c /var/www/kanri/apcupsd/apc_fukyu.s
3120 ? S 0:00 | \_ /bin/sh /var/www/kanri/apcupsd/apc_fukyu.
3118 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/sh -c /var/www/kanri/apcupsd/apc_shutdow
3121 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/sh /var/www/kanri/apcupsd/apc_shutdo
1745 tty6 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty6
1760 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/dovecot -F -c /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
1847 ? S 0:00 \_ dovecot/anvil
1848 ? S 0:00 \_ dovecot/log
26673 ? S 0:00 \_ dovecot/auth
1762 ? Ss 0:00 acpid -c /etc/acpi/events -s /var/run/acpid.socket
1774 ? Ss 0:01 cron
1775 ? Ss 0:00 atd
1785 ? Ssl 0:00 lightdm
1839 tty7 Ss+ 15:08 \_ /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nol
2496 ? Sl 0:00 \_ lightdm --session-child 12 15
2690 ? Ssl 0:00 \_ gnome-session --session=ubuntu
2922 ? Z 0:00 \_ [lightdm-session] <defunct>
2957 ? Ss 0:01 \_ /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch -
3053 ? Sl 0:43 \_ /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-sett
3665 ? Z 0:00 | \_ [check_gl_textur] <defunct>
3802 ? Rl 21:02 \_ compiz
5222 ? Ss 0:00 | \_ /bin/sh -c /usr/bin/compiz-decorator
5227 ? Sl 0:20 | \_ /usr/bin/gtk-window-decorator
3868 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-fall
3869 ? Sl 1:30 \_ /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/indicator-cpufre
3870 ? Sl 0:00 \_ nm-applet
3872 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-a
3877 ? Sl 0:04 \_ nautilus -n
3878 ? Sl 0:00 \_ bluetooth-applet
4652 ? Sl 0:01 \_ /usr/lib/gnome-disk-utility/gdu-notificat
4987 ? Sl 0:00 \_ telepathy-indicator
5407 ? Sl 0:15 \_ gnome-screensaver
5408 ? Sl 0:04 \_ zeitgeist-datahub
6125 ? Sl 0:06 \_ update-notifier
6456 ? Sl 0:05 \_ /usr/lib/deja-dup/deja-dup/deja-dup-monit
1792 ? Ssl 0:05 whoopsie
1798 ? Ss 0:32 /usr/sbin/irqbalance
1813 ? Ssl 2:10 /usr/sbin/mysqld
1897 ? S 0:01 /usr/local/aipo/postgres/bin/postgres -D /usr/local/a
2057 ? Ss 0:50 \_ postgres: writer process
2058 ? Ss 0:42 \_ postgres: wal writer process
2059 ? Ss 0:10 \_ postgres: autovacuum launcher process
2060 ? Ss 0:07 \_ postgres: stats collector process
1930 ? S 0:03 /usr/lib/postgresql/9.1/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/post
2157 ? Ss 0:50 \_ postgres: writer process
2158 ? Ss 0:42 \_ postgres: wal writer process
2159 ? Ss 0:10 \_ postgres: autovacuum launcher process
2160 ? Ss 0:08 \_ postgres: stats collector process
2517 ? Sl 0:04 /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon
2584 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon
2722 ? S 0:07 ddclient - sleeping for 250 seconds
2925 ? Ss 0:01 /usr/lib/postfix/master
2939 ? S 0:00 \_ qmgr -l -t fifo -u
25947 ? S 0:00 \_ pickup -l -t fifo -u -c
2970 ? S 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-sessio
2979 ? Ss 0:57 //bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 5 --print-addres
2980 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -a pam -c -m /var/run/saslauthd -
2981 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/saslauthd -a pam -c -m /var/run/saslaut
2982 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/saslauthd -a pam -c -m /var/run/saslaut
2983 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/saslauthd -a pam -c -m /var/run/saslaut
2984 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/saslauthd -a pam -c -m /var/run/saslaut
3014 ? S 0:49 /usr/sbin/snmpd -Lsd -Lf /dev/null -u snmp -g snmp -I
3037 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/winbindd
3045 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/winbindd
16583 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/winbindd
16584 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/winbindd
3054 ? Ssl 1:18 /sbin/apcupsd
3059 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --start --components=pk
3130 ? Sl 0:15 /usr/lib/upower/upowerd
3146 ? Ss 0:10 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
3210 ? S 0:33 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
3211 ? S 0:33 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
3212 ? S 0:37 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
3213 ? S 0:32 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
3214 ? S 0:34 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
6361 ? S 0:33 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
11011 ? S 0:34 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
11012 ? S 0:32 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
11013 ? S 0:33 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
11014 ? S 0:32 \_ /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
3216 ? Sl 6:39 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/bin/java -Djava.uti
3536 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd
3551 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs//gvfs-fuse-daemon -f /home/batcha/.gvfs
3811 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/colord/colord
3838 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gconf/gconfd-2
3844 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-metadata
3917 ? S<l 0:00 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog
3994 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/lib/pulseaudio/pulse/gconf-helper
3919 ? SNl 0:02 /usr/lib/rtkit/rtkit-daemon
4014 ? Ss 0:30 /usr/bin/fetchmail -f /etc/fetchmailrc --pidfile /var
4059 ? S 0:03 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gdu-volume-monitor
4061 ? Sl 0:10 /usr/lib/udisks/udisks-daemon
4062 ? S 0:00 \_ udisks-daemon: not polling any devices
4091 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-afc-volume-monitor
4104 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gphoto2-volume-monitor
4202 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-trash --spawner :1.9 /org/gtk/gvf
4316 ? Sl 0:08 /usr/bin/ibus-daemon --xim
4328 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ibus/ibus-gconf
4330 ? Sl 0:04 \_ /usr/bin/python /usr/share/ibus/ui/gtk/main.py
4358 ? Sl 0:01 \_ /usr/bin/python /usr/share/ibus-anthy/engine/main
4332 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ibus/ibus-x11 --kill-daemon
4372 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-burn --spawner :1.9 /org/gtk/gvfs
4373 ? Ss 0:11 /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/webmin/miniserv.pl /etc/webm
28896 ? Z 0:00 \_ [/usr/share/webm] <defunct>
4379 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1
4580 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/notify-osd/notify-osd
5019 ? Sl 0:01 /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5
5031 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gnome-online-accounts/goa-daemon
5071 ? Sl 0:10 /usr/lib/bamf/bamfdaemon
5231 ? Sl 2:33 /usr/lib/unity/unity-panel-service
5233 ? Sl 1:14 /usr/lib/indicator-appmenu/hud-service
5341 ? Sl 0:49 /usr/lib/indicator-application/indicator-application-
5342 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-messages/indicator-messages-servic
5439 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/geoclue/geoclue-master
5454 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/bin/zeitgeist-daemon
5490 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/ubuntu-geoip/ubuntu-geoip-provider
5496 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/zeitgeist/zeitgeist-fts
5523 ? S 0:00 \_ /bin/cat
5574 ? Sl 0:01 /usr/lib/indicator-session/indicator-session-service
5575 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service
5576 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-datetime/indicator-datetime-servic
5578 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-printers/indicator-printers-servic
5965 ? Sl 5:09 /usr/local/aipo/jre/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.conf
6001 ? Sl 0:02 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/ubuntuone-client/ubuntuone-s
6029 ? Sl 0:07 /usr/lib/unity-lens-applications/unity-applications-d
6033 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/unity-lens-video/unity-lens-
6034 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/unity-lens-music/unity-music-daemon
6035 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/unity-lens-files/unity-files-daemon
6061 ? S 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/indicator-cpufreq-selector
6075 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/unity-lens-music/unity-musicstore-daemon
6093 ? Sl 0:03 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/unity-scope-video-remote/uni
6898 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service
29538 ? S 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/system-service/system-servic
6507 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/at-spi2-core/at-spi-bus-launcher
12287 ? Rl 0:10 gnome-terminal
12296 ? S 0:00 \_ gnome-pty-helper
12297 pts/0 Ss 0:00 \_ bash
15176 pts/0 S 0:00 | \_ sudo su
15177 pts/0 S 0:00 | \_ su
15185 pts/0 S+ 0:00 | \_ bash
26688 pts/1 Ss 0:00 \_ bash
28897 pts/1 R+ 0:00 \_ ps fax
pstree
pstreeとコマンドするとプロセスの親子関係をツリー状に表示できる。
[@localhost postfix]# pstree
init-+-apcupsd---apcupsd---apcupsd
|-atd
|-bdflush
|-courierlogger---authdaemond.pgs---5*[authdaemond.pgs]
|-4*[courierlogger]
|-4*[couriertcpd]
|-crond
|-cupsd
|-dhclient
|-diced
|-httpd---9*[httpd]
|-kapmd
|-keventd
|-khubd
|-2*[kjournald]
|-klogd
|-kreiserfsd
|-ksoftirqd_CPU0
|-kswapd
|-kupdated
|-launch_xdm---gdm---gdm-+-X
| `-gdmlogin
|-master-+-nqmgr
| `-pickup
|-mdrecoveryd
|-mi-schedule2---mi-schedule2
|-3*[mingetty]
|-miniserv.pl
|-miquery-+-miquery---3*[miquery]
| `-miquery
|-nmbd---nmbd
|-perl---tail
|-postmaster---postmaster---postmaster
|-scsi_eh_0
|-smartd
|-smbd---smbd
|-snmpd
|-sshd---sshd---sshd---bash---su---bash---pstree
|-syslogd
`-xinetd
[@localhost postfix]#